Remember Pseudoteaching?

I do.

“…but what happened in the other lesson is that it merely provided an opportunity for those who already knew the content to exhibit that they knew it…”

As I read this quote by Lisa Delpit in Other People’s Children, I had this sick-to-my-stomach feeling that maybe all the things I have really like about this school year so far were just an opportunity for students to play around with things that they already knew and didn’t need me to learn.

Upon a little more reflection, I can say that I have some pretty good evidence that the students really didn’t come in understanding what I’ve started to teach them in the past week.  In the coming days, I will try to post what I’ve been up to so far.

For now, here’s a quick list of things that could come in new blog posts:

  • Orientation trips with students and teachers getting to know each other before entering the classroom
  • Modeling “Lite” for middle school Earth Science, featuring Whiteboards!
  • Teaching/Pseudoteaching my first Technology class
  • Dreaming up a MOOC-like environment for teachers to take my class

A Message from the Year 2000 + 2

Writing a paper for my grad class this summer, I read Hiebert, Gallimore and Stigler’s 2002 Paper “A Knowledge Base for the Teaching Profession: What Would It Look Like and How Can We Get One?”.  In it the authors lament the fact that much of education research goes on deaf teacher ears who cannot relate to the message of the researchers.  They argue that there needs to be a knowledge base that is shared by teachers and there message contained these foreshadowy messages from the past:

“For knowledge to be public it must be represented in such a way that it can be communicated among colleagues.”

“Even public knowledge will wither if there is no means of accumulating and sharing it with others.”

And this doozy:

“Other professions have created was to accumulate and share knowledge. In medicine there is a case literature; a physician can read the latest reports from other physicians who have tried and refined new ways of treating specific illnesses. Lawyers have the case law; they can follow the interpretations of laws as they evolve through court decisions. Teaching, unfortunately, has yet to develop a professional knowledge system.”

Fortunately, I think this is one of those rare and beautiful moments to pause, reflect, take a deep breath and reflect on how far some of us have come from a time when teachers could not collaborate so easily.  Just look back at the poor teachers in 2002 who did not have incredible things like the New (Math) Blogger Initiation, the Global Math Department, and #edchat, #elemchat, #scichat even #HipHopEd chats to have teachers meet and share their insights.  Maybe those poor teachers back in 2002 had an AOL chatroom or listserv to provide them some taste of what we have today but I believe we have made tremendous progress towards the vision set out by this paper’s authors.

However, there is still a long way to go though.  I think there is one aspect of the authors’ vision that could still improve on in the Twitterblogosphere:

“A final characteristic of professional knowledge is that it must be accurate, verifiable, and continually improving”

Yes, we tweachers and edubloggers do this to some degree, but we could probably stand to be harsher critics of ourselves in many cases.  I can definitely say so much for myself at least.  And just because hundreds of new people sign up to become edubloggers doesn’t mean the work is done.  What good is an online collaborative knowledge base when only a fraction of teachers are using it?

So there’s lots to do.  But if you can, stop and think about how lucky you are to be a teacher in 2012 and not 2002.

My Favorite/First Day Math Lesson: Easy as 1 to 10

This year I will not be teaching math for the first time since I started teaching, so I am sharing my very favorite math lesson which is also the lesson I have used on the first day of math class for the past few years.

After going over some basic rules, procedures and so forth, I start by telling the students that I am going to share with them my very favorite math lesson but first I need them each to do a quick exercise and add the numbers (integers) from 1 to 10.  I give the students a little time but not too much to do the addition and then walk around to see how they solve the problem.

1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10 = ____

When the time finishes, every student is ready to shout “Is it 55?”, but I always pick on just one student to explain what they did and then give their result.  Inevitably, I get someone else who wants to say how they got the answer but did something different, maybe adding pairs of numbers to make tens instead of adding consecutive amounts.  What I like about this is that we get to see very quickly how there can be multiple ways of solving the same problem and it moves us on to the conversation of whether one solution is better than another.

After a brief conversation, I will then ask the students to go further.  Can they add from 1 to 20?  From 1 to 100?  Some will take the number from the previous exercise, 55, and try to add it to the sum from 11 to 20.  Others will start all over.  Most students are reluctant to add from 1 to 100 because they think it will take too long and they ask if there is a better way to find the answer.  It’s around this time, sometimes earlier, that we begin to really look for the patterns in the problem.  Usually someone thought to make pairs that sum to 11 in the first exercise, but not always. However, by the time we move on to the larger numbers this approach begins to emerge.

From there we can move onto discussions of general problem-solving approaches, algebraic expressions, number theory, the Handshake Problem and whatever else I can think of to throw into the conversation as well as whatever the students themselves suggest.  If we are able to work through the Handshake problem, I’ll ask for their input on what other types of problems could apply and at least one year someone suggested it might apply to basketball tournaments which kept us solving problems for a bit longer.  It is all a very open-ended discussion-based process which is great for warding off the math anxiety and summer cobwebs.

In the past, I have had classes where we only spent one period on the problem and others where we’ve spent a few periods going further into our investigations.  Altogether here are some of the particular things I like about this approach:

  1. There is an extremely low barrier to participating.  I don’t think I could lower the bar any more than this really, but what is great is it gets us doing math on the first day and everyone can participate.
  2. I get a quick insight into computational fluency.  Some students add faster than I can while I’ve had a few each year who make a mistake in their addition.  Go ahead and blame summer brain, students, just don’t ask for a calculator!  In any case, I see who works quickly write away and who may need some more support.
  3. The message from day one in math is “We are here to ask questions and discuss”.  I am not so great at keeping up the discussions throughout the year, and maybe that is a good thing, but I like that on day one students can come in and get a sense that there math class (and teacher) are a little different this year.  And maybe just maybe they are going to participate this year.
  4. We get to discuss problem-solving and applications right from the start.  When I was studying math education, the one thing that stuck with me the most was Polya’s problem-solving approach and I try to keep that guiding my instruction.  I love when we get to focus on problem-solving even though it doesn’t and hasn’t happened for me in class as much as I would want to.  But starting off with such simple problems gets us a chance to compare problem-solving strategies, look for solutions and look back over our work to see if it makes sense with our existing knowledge.
  5. Overall, it is just a fun and easy lesson that requires little to know setup and in past years we have often referred back to the first day lesson as an example of a fun activity that had a surprising number of applications for our subsequent mathematical thinking.

Let me know if you have done this lesson before or if you try using it on your first day.  I may not teach math this year, but I will definitely use this lesson again.

Blog Begins: A Maximization Problem

Since I am signed up for the New Blogger Initiative, it is a great time to post on the origins of my new blog.

I have attempted to write blogs several times in my life.  In college I had a LiveJournal account and posted silly things including a fake advice column.  Later, I blogged a bit about being an educator, but I have often gotten too bogged down in the title and site design and other petty concerns which have detracted from writing.  This time, I chose to make my blog address my name since I am not planning on changing that anytime soon, but I gave the blog it’s own title “Maximize Interest” which I would like to explain a bit more below.

Over six years ago I read a blog post on Marginal Revolution entitled “Nerdy questions I’ve taken to asking new people I meet” which has stuck with me to the present day.  In that post Tyler Cowen lists the questions he asks new people but the one that really struck me was #1: “What do you maximize?”  What strikes me about that question is that it is not something that we tend to think about explicitly, but we sort of do it anyhow.  Given the limits of your own attention and interests, you have to choose something that you maximize.  Maybe for Olympians it is something easy to identify, i.e. “Be the fastest human alive” or “Win the most gold medals ever”.  But for most of us, what me maximize is probably some composite of multiple things that we try to juggle.  I think for me, over the last few years, I have never truly figured out what I want to maximize but by default I may have been trying to maximize the time I could spend reading interesting blog posts because that it what I would try to do whenever I had an extra moment to myself.

[I know that is sounds really lame to maximize time spent reading blogs, but I found it really rewarding.  Still, one hope I have for writing this blog is that it can help me think of something better to focus on maximizing.  Like writing interesting blog posts!  Unfortunately, Penelope Trunk concludes that there is a choice between an interesting life and a happy one.]

When it came time to think of the title for my blog I wanted to choose something that had some connections to important parts of my life: studying economics, teaching math, and most importantly teaching interesting humans.  What I finally came up with was “Maximize Interest” because it suggests the economist’s pursuit of an optimized ideal (opportunity cost, opportunity cost, opportunity cost) while also reflecting an important insight I’ve had as an educator: you learn the most about the things that interest you.  If I had to make a new answer to Tyler Cowen’s question I guess I might say that I want to maximize the number of interests I can have and do as much as I can with those interests.  That is a pretty big goal, but to me that is what learning is all about.

But now I would really love to know is this: What do you maximize?

Tell me in the comments how you would answer this challenging and unusual question.

The Challenge of Leadership is Giving It Up

Note:
I posted this entry for #leadershipday12, but I had actually drafted it about a week beforehand before I had even heard of this idea. Sometimes the universe just works.  However, this is more of an abstract thought about leadership and not so much about technology leadership in schools.

My earliest experiences with leadership were as a Boy Scout where I belonged to a troop that was boy-run, meaning that in our troop the scouts took on many of the responsibilities that would normally be done by adult leaders. There were still many adult leaders, but they could not be anyone’s parents, and many of them were former scouts from our troop who returned to give back. I am very proud of the strong tradition in my troop, but I remember noticing that the quality of our troop’s activities really depended on the senior leader among us. Some years we had a really ambitious program of events, and other years it felt like we were always going through the motions. The other thing I noticed was that after we had a very capable leader for a long time, there was no guarantee that the good stuff continued. In fact, it seemed like many times the worst leaders were the ones immediately following the best.

And so somewhere in the years before I was in charge, I decided that the best leaders were those who left a positive mark that stayed around longer after they had left. In other words, the best leaders were the ones who prepared others to succeed after them.

It took many years to become a leader in the troop.

I think a lot of what I learned about leadership from my scout troop influences what I think about how schools are organized. For example, when I came into my current school I learned that there was a robotics activity and was very excited to get involved even though I had no experience, except there was a problem, namely that the old robotics activity advisor had left and when I came in there was no structure in place for a program to continue. When I looked around, I couldn’t find robotics materials that were organized and I didn’t know any other faculty or students who were involved with robotics. To me, no matter how good the old advisor was and how well his kids did with the robotics program, it was a failure because it couldn’t sustain itself when the expert robotics guy left.

Now that I am the most experienced teacher working with our after-school STEM clubs, I am setting out to change that. In my first year with the science club there were hardly any kids involved, but the few kids who were there were obsessed with building a balsa wood tower for a competition. I recognized that we had some students who really had an interest in engineering, but there was really no team around them. After the end of that year, I set some goals: I wanted to recruit a full team of students who had just as much commitment as the original group, I wanted boys and girls to be equally represented (there were no girls in the first year), and most importantly I wanted everyone to want to come back for another year.  I am happy to say that I reached all of those goals and there is now an experienced group to build a program around.  Furthermore, I believe this group has the character and capacity to form the strong foundation for our programs and become the leaders to help us develop a strong, competitive program. As we get closer to the new school year, I find myself doing frequent mental rehearsals of the speech I want to give to these students, thinking about how exactly to inspire them and challenge them to adopt the leadership for a growing program.

It may not be pretty, but we’re learning.

Over a longer term, my goal is to create a science club that is like my scout troop, one that is run by the students themselves and made stronger by leaders who have been with the program for years and grown into the role of leader by observing others before them.

In the Book of Basketball, Bill Simmons writes about how the secret of the greatest basketball players is that they not only played better than their rivals but that they also challenged their teammates to make themselves better. True leadership is about putting your team first and figuring out how you can help others to become better at what they do. I think far too often we fall into the habit of focusing on our own goals so that we forget that the role of a leader is to serve the group that put him or her in that position. I am hoping that I will help build a program that gives many more kids a chance to be a leader and do something for others in return.

Projects for the summer

Creating PDFs of all the Common Core standards by grade level and subject

Selecting computing skills to address through my tech class

Writing unit plans for my technology class

Revising my old units from my Earth science course to include more inquiry labs and modeling

Setting up a class site for my classes

Writing my paper on teacher training in the IB program

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